Infertility affects 15% of couples worldwide and in approximately 50% of cases the cause is secondary to an abnormality of the sperm. However, treatment options for male infertility are limited and empirical use of hormone stimulation has been utilised. We review the contemporary data regarding the application of hormone stimulation to treat male infertility. There is strong evidence supporting the use of hormone stimulation in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism but there is inadequate evidence for all other indications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2022.102333 | DOI Listing |
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol
January 2025
Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address:
The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, risk stratification, effectiveness of radioiodine therapy, and treatment response evaluation in epithelial thyroid cancer. Supraphysiological doses of levothyroxine are used in patients with intermediate-risk and high-risk thyroid cancer to suppress thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) to prevent tumour progression. However, free thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine have also been found to promote tumour growth in thyroid cancer preclinical models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep
January 2025
Summary: Oral levothyroxine (LT4) is prescribed worldwide for hypothyroidism. Bariatric surgery for patients with obesity has shown a substantial, long-term weight loss and considerable improvement of obesity-related diseases. LT4 malabsorption represents a significant cause of refractory hypothyroidism, well known after malabsorptive bariatric surgery such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep
January 2025
Summary: Short stature is a common complaint among pediatric visits and the differential diagnosis is extensive. Although some variations in growth are normal, deviation from normal growth is often the first symptom of chronic disease in children. This is true for hormone abnormalities including growth hormone deficiency, hypothyroidism and glucocorticoid excess.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Differential diagnosis of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) and constitutional delay of puberty (CDP) is extremely important since with the latter puberty begins and completes without any medical intervention and in the case of HH puberty does not occur or is incomplete. Failure to start treatment on time leads to medical and psychosocial maladjustment of the patient.
Aim: Development of a method for differential diagnosis of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and constitutional delay of puberty in boys 13.
Int J Prev Med
December 2024
Gastrointestitional Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Disease Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Background: The present study is a systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to investigate the effects of alcohol consumption on male sex hormones in humans.
Methods: We conducted searches on PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar from June 2020 to June 2022. We included observational studies (cohorts, case-controls, and cross-sectional studies) comparing FSH, LH, or testosterone levels in alcohol consumers versus non-consumers.
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