Biomass-Derived Hard Carbon with Interlayer Spacing Optimization toward Ultrastable Na-Ion Storage.

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces

State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Lab of Graphene (NPU), Xi'an710072, China.

Published: January 2023

Hard carbons as a kind of nongraphitized amorphous carbon have been recognized as potential anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its large interlayer spacing. However, the issues in terms of onerous synthetic procedure and elusive working mechanism remains critical bottlenecks for practical implement. Herein, we report a facile production of tubular hard carbon through direct carbonization of platanus flosses (FHC) for the first time. Through optimizing the pyrolysis temperatures, the FHC obtained at 1300 °C possesses a key balance between the interlayer spacing and surface area, which can maintain the substantial active sites as well as reduce the irreversible sodium storage. Accordingly, it can deliver a reversible capacity of 324.6 mAh g with a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 80%, superb rate property of 107.2 mAh g at 2 A g, and long operating stability over 1000 cycles. Furthermore, the Raman spectroscopic studies certify that sodium ions are stored in FHC following the "adsorption-insertion" mechanism. Our study could provide a promising route for large-scale development of the biomass-derived carbonaceous anodes for high-performance SIBs.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c19362DOI Listing

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