Gastroprotective effect methanol extract of Caesalpinia coriaria pods against indomethacin- and ethanol-induced gastric lesions in Wistar rats.

J Ethnopharmacol

Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental (UMIEZ), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Batalla 5 de mayo esquina Fuerte de Loreto, Ejército de Oriente, Iztapalapa, C.P, 09230, CDMX, Mexico; Facultad de Química, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán, C.P, 04510, CDMX, Mexico. Electronic address:

Published: April 2023

AI Article Synopsis

  • Caesalpinia coriaria, a traditional medicinal plant in Mexico, is investigated for its protective effects against gastrointestinal diseases, specifically focusing on its ability to reduce gastric lesions induced by ethanol and indomethacin.
  • The study uses male Wistar rats, administering varying doses of a methanol extract from the plant's pods and evaluating the impact on gastric lesions, inflammation, and antioxidant activity.
  • Results show that the extract contains significant phenolic compounds and effectively reduces gastric ulcer lesions, inflammation markers, and maintains protective gastric levels, demonstrating its potential as a natural gastroprotective agent.

Article Abstract

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.) Willd is widely used as a traditional medinal plant in Mexico for protective and healing purposes and the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the gastroprotective effect of extract of Caesalpinia coriaria pods against ethanol-induced and indomethacin-induced gastric lesion models, its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities, and its main compounds through LC-MS analysis.

Materials And Methods: Male Wistar rats were orally administered a methanol extract obtained from the pods of C. coriaria at doses of 10, 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg prior to inducing gastric lesions with ethanol or indomethacin. Gastric mucosal lesions were evaluated by macroscopic and histopathological alterations. Determination of prostaglandin E (PGE), alpha tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), leukotriene B (LTB), nitrites/nitrates, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and HS gastric levels were investigated. Its main compounds of the active extract through LC-MS analysis.

Results: Phenolic compounds were identified as major components of methanol extract. LC-MS analysis identified 15 constituents, and the significant compounds were gallic acid, 3-O-galloylquinic acid, digalloylglucose, tetragalloylglucose, valoneic acid dilactone, pentagalloylglucose, digalloylshikimic acid, and ellagic acid. Pretreatment with the extract at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg significantly reduced gastric ulcer lesions in both models. Compared with the reference drugs (omeprazole or ranitidine, respectively), no significant difference was found (p < 0.05). The extract's gastroprotective effect was accompanied by significant decreases in leukocyte recruitment, and gastric levels of TNF-α and LTB by two to fourfold (p < 0.05). Also, gastric levels of PGE gastric levels were maintained and the antioxidant enzyme activities of SOD and nitrate/nitrite in the gastric tissue were improved (p < 0.05). The LC-MS analysis indicated the presence of hydrolyzable tannins (mainly gallic acid derivatives).

Conclusion: The results suggest that the gastroprotective effect of the methanol extract of C. coriaria pods occurs through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and NO modulation properties, and gallic acid derivatives may be the main possible compounds responsible for its actions.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2022.116057DOI Listing

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