This study aims to develop a chitosan-zinc oxide nano-adsorbent-coated sand (CZOCS) filter bed for getting rid of milk processing industry wastewater (MPIW) in a safe way. Chitosan zinc oxide nano-adsorbent (CZnO) of 88.35 ± 2.89 d.nm size was used to coat naturally available sand through a calcination process at 200 °C for a heating rate of 5 °C/min. The characteristics of the diffraction peaks and functional groups are attributed to the nature of CZnO loading on the sand surface. The increase in breakthrough and exhaustion times is caused by the biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of influent having more time to interact with the adsorbent as bed height increases, resulting in higher reduction efficiencies. Lower bed heights (10 cm) which saturate faster than higher bed heights (40 cm) result in a shorter mass transfer time. Adsorption capacity at the 95% column exhaustion point increased from 611.04 to 1089.63 mg/g for BOD and from 4512.29 to 5600.81 mg/g for COD. Different kinds of kinetic models have been used to forecast breakthrough curves employing experimental data. Statistical and error function parameters were used to choose the best-fit model. Among the models investigated, the Thomas model was shown to be the best-fit with the highest R-square values of 0.9942 and 0.9939. The CZOCS has high reusability and could be used for up to six cycles of organic pollutant adsorption. Aside from that, novel CZOCS could be used to clean real MPIW, and making it one of the most promising adsorbents.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24873-x | DOI Listing |
Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract
December 2024
Department of Clinical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, 200 Magruder Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. Electronic address:
Farms that engage in agritourism and provide niche products such as raw milk directly to consumers may request a biosecurity plan from the animal health advisors. Veterinarians who have relationships with these operations should be familiar with the state and federal requirements and pathogens of interest that may be present in raw milk and products processed from raw milk. Biosecurity plans involve an understanding of risk and specific farm goals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen 518038, China; National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address:
Understanding the physiology and molecular mechanisms of lactogenesis is crucial for enhancing mammalian milk production. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) regulated mammary epithelial cell survival during pregnancy, but its role in lactation maintenance remains unclear. We found that YAP1 was highly expressed in mammary gland across specie, with elevated expression levels during murine gestation and lactation, particularly localized in alveoli epithelial cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem
December 2024
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy. Electronic address:
Parmigiano Reggiano protected designation of origin (PDO) cheese inherently exhibits variability due to the characteristics of the production system, contributing to heterogeneity in the composition and properties of milk used in the cheese-making process. This variability leads to variations in cheese yield and nutrient recoveries. The direct measurement of these traits is not feasible in routine practice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:
Chitosan, a versatile biopolymer derived from chitin, is increasingly recognized in the milk industry for its multifunctional applications in drug delivery, smart packaging, and biosensor development. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advances in chitosan production techniques. These include chemical, biological, and novel methods such as deep eutectic solvents (DES), microwave-assisted approaches, and laser-assisted processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProteomics Clin Appl
December 2024
Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of P.J. Šafárik in Košice, Košice, Slovakia.
Purpose: During COVID-19, significant changes in protein abundance can be linked with disease-related processes. The mass spectrometry-based proteomics of COVID-19-related biomarkers can help with the prognosis and diagnosis of this severe disease.
Design: Here, we surveyed scientific works in terms of proteomic analysis of solid tissues and non-blood fluids from COVID-19 patients.
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