Sulfite-based technology could enhance methane production from anaerobic sludge digestion. However, its potential for in-situ direct sludge treatment without anaerobic sludge addition in the side-stream remains unclear. This study investigated the feasibility of using in-situ sulfite treating sludge for short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production via anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge (WAS) as a side-stream treatment. In-situ sulfite direct sludge treatment enhanced SCFAs and acetic acid production by 2.03 and 4.89 times at 500 mg S/L compared to the control. With in-situ sulfite treatment, WAS hydrolysis and acidification were enhanced while methanogenesis was spontaneously hindered. The in-situ sulfite treatment inactivated pathogens and improved the sludge dewatering properties. The relative abundances of SCFAs-production microbial were stimulated, facilitating the sludge bioconversion. The produced SCFAs from in-situ sulfite side-stream treatment could be applied as an "internal carbon source" to enhance biological nutrient removal to improve economic and environmental value from sludge treatment.
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