Cancer immunotherapy, including the inhibition of immune checkpoints, improves the tumor immune microenvironment and is an effective tool for cancer therapy. More effective and alternative inhibitory targets are critical for successful immune checkpoint blockade therapy. The interaction of the immunomodulatory ligand B7 family with corresponding receptors induces or inhibits T cell responses by sending co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory signals respectively. Blocking the glycosylation of the B7 family members PD-L1, PD-L2, B7-H3, and B7-H4 inhibited the self-stability and receptor binding of these immune checkpoint proteins, leading to immunosuppression and rapid tumor progression. Therefore, regulation of glycosylation may be the "golden key" to relieve tumor immunosuppression. The exploration of a more precise glycosylation regulation mechanism and glycan structure of B7 family proteins is conducive to the discovery and clinical application of antibodies and small molecule inhibitors.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1088560 | DOI Listing |
Background: Recurrent gynecological clear cell carcinoma (rGCCC) has a low objective response rate (ORR) to chemotherapy. Previous preclinical and clinical data suggest a potential synergy between immune checkpoint inhibitors and bevacizumab in rGCCC. Dostarlimab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), combined with the anti-angiogenic bevacizumab, presents a novel therapeutic approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutophagy
December 2024
Institute of Energy Metabolism and Health, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, especially those targeting CD274/PD-L1yield powerful clinical therapeutic efficacy. Thoughmuch progress has been made in the development of antibody-basedCD274 drugs, chemical compounds applied for CD274degradation remain largely unavailable. Herein,baicalein, a monomer of traditional Chinese medicine, isscreened and validated to target CD274 and induces itsmacroautophagic/autophagic degradation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Chemother
December 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been approved for treating various cancers; however, they can cause immune-related adverse events. Generally, ICIs are not associated with an increased risk of infection, however, several reports demonstrated infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) during ICI therapy. Here, we report a case of NTM shoulder arthritis with acute exacerbation immediately after ICI initiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Cancer
November 2024
University of Perugia, Unit of Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy.
A unique collaboration of multi-disciplinary experts from the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), and the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) was formed to make recommendations on cutaneous melanoma diagnosis and treatment, based on systematic literature reviews and the experts' experience. Cutaneous melanomas are excised with one to two-centimeter safety margins. For a correct stage classification and treatment decision, a sentinel lymph node biopsy shall be offered in patients with tumor thickness ≥ 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neuroimmunol
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address:
IgLON5 autoimmunity is characterized by a diverse range of clinical presentations, including neuropsychiatric symptoms, sleep disturbances, gait instability, and bulbar symptoms, that are usually insidiously progressive. While some individuals with specific HLA haplotypes may be more susceptible to developing anti-IgLON5 disease, this antibody is typically not associated with a paraneoplastic etiology nor known to be induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). We present a clinical and serological workup of a patient who developed symptoms of IgLON5 autoimmunity following treatment with pembrolizumab.
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