Background: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) has recently been studied for its potential influence on the functional response of the human body to exercise. We aimed to investigate the association of habitual physical activity (PA) with PPARγ mRNA level in the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues (VAT and SAT) in non-obese and obese non-diabetic adults.
Methods: VAT and SAT were obtained from 95 individuals, including 40 non-obese (BMI<30kg/m) and 55 obese (BMI≥30kg/m) who underwent elective abdominal surgery (Tehran, Iran, 2012-2015). The assessment of habitual PA was performed by a valid and reliable International PA Questionnaire-long form, and the metabolic equivalent of task (MET) was evaluated. Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR evaluated the PPARγ expression in VAT and SAT.
Results: PPARγ expression in both VAT (1.18 vs. 0.37 fold change, <0.001) and SAT (2.07 vs. 0.29 fold change, =0.004) among obese subjects was higher than the non-obese group. After controlling for age, sex, and total energy in-take, a positive association was found between total METs and PPARγ expression in both VAT and SAT among obese participants (β=0.22, =0.007 and β=0.12, <0.001, respectively). Among obese participants, there was a direct association between leisure time-related METs with VAT PPARγ expression (β=0.05, =0.026). Moreover, in this group, an association was observed between occupation-related METs with PPARγ in both fat tissues (β=0.11, =0.002 and β=0.17, =0.013, respectively), and household work-related METs with SAT PPARγ (β=0.21, =0.011).
Conclusion: High PA as an indispensable part of a healthy lifestyle may exert its beneficial effect by regulating PPARγ expression.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v51i11.11181 | DOI Listing |
Ann Intern Med
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (S.M.J.A., M.L.).
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the United States. It is characterized by steatosis in the liver and is potentially reversible. Risk factors include obesity, type 2 mellitus, and other metabolic disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Internet Res
January 2025
Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Background: Despite the ample benefits of physical activity (PA), many individuals do not meet the minimum PA recommended by health organizations. Structured questionnaires and interviews are commonly used to study why individuals perform PA and their strategies to adhere to PA. However, certain biases are inherent to these tools that limit what can be concluded from their results.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Physiol Nutr Metab
January 2025
Coventry University, Centre for Sport Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry, Warwickshire, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
Exercise and passive heating share some acute physiological responses. These include increases in body temperature, sweat rate, blood flow, heart rate, and redistribution of plasma and blood volume. These responses can vary depending on the heating modality or dose (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Oncol
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology and Health Economics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Purpose: To evaluate the cost utility of a 9-month supervised exercise program for patients with metastatic breast cancer (mBC), compared with control (usual care, supplemented with general activity advice and an activity tracker). Evidence on the cost-effectiveness of exercise for patients with mBC is essential for implementation in clinical practice and is currently lacking.
Methods: A cost-utility analysis was performed alongside the multinational PREFERABLE-EFFECT randomized controlled trial, conducted in 8 centers across Europe and Australia.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology, Department of physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Kynurenic acid (KYNA) and quinolinic acid (QUIN) are metabolites of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation with opposing biological activities in the central nervous system. In the periphery, KYNA is known to positively affect metabolic health, whereas the effects of QUIN remain less explored. Interestingly, metabolic stressors, including exercise and obesity, differentially change the balance between circulating KYNA and QUIN.
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