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High Immune Response Rate to the Fourth Boost of the BNT162b2 Vaccine against the Omicron Variants of Concern among Liver Transplant Recipients. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The immune response in liver transplant (LT) recipients who received a third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine declined significantly after four months, prompting a study on the effects of a fourth dose against Omicron variants.
  • Of the 73 LT recipients studied, 50 received a fourth dose, which resulted in a significantly enhanced immune response compared to the third dose, with notable increases in antibody levels.
  • Breakthrough infections occurred in 18% of LT recipients after the fourth dose, with mild cases dominating, and a higher infection rate was observed in diabetic recipients compared to nondiabetic ones.

Article Abstract

The immune response of liver transplant (LT) recipients to a third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine significantly waned after four months. We aimed to evaluate the immune response and breakthrough infection rates of a fourth dose against the Omicron variants among LT recipients. LT recipients who had no past or active SARS-CoV-2 infection and received three doses of the BNT162b2mRNA vaccine were included. Of the 73 LT recipients, 50 (68.5%) received a fourth dose. The fourth dose was associated with a significantly higher positive immune response than the third dose. Receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG and Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 neutralizing antibodies were determined at a median of 132 and 29 days after the third and fourth vaccines. They were 345 binding antibody units per milliliter (BAU/mL) vs. 2118 BAU/mL ( < 0.0001), 10 vs. 87 ( < 0.0001), and 15 vs. 149 ( = 0.001), respectively. Breakthrough infections were documented among nine (18%) LT recipients after the fourth dose and among seven (30.4%) patients following the third dose ( = 0.2); 93.5% of breakthrough infections were mild. The infection rate after the fourth dose was higher among diabetic vs. nondiabetic recipients (33.3% vs. 6.9%, respectively; = 0.02). Further studies are needed to evaluate additional factors influencing the breakthrough infection rate among LT recipients.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9781167PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14122769DOI Listing

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