Particle Therapy in Adult Patients with Pelvic Ewing Sarcoma-Tumor and Treatment Characteristics and Early Clinical Outcomes.

Purpose: To report dosimetric characteristics and early clinical outcomes in patients with pelvic Ewing sarcoma undergoing particle therapy.

Methods: Patients ≥ 18 years old with pelvic Ewing sarcoma treated in adjuvant or definitive settings were considered for this retrospective analysis. Proton therapy was carried out with 45-60 Gy (RBE) (1.5-2 Gy (RBE) per fraction) and carbon ion therapy for recurrent disease with 51 Gy (RBE) (3 Gy (RBE) per fraction). Local control (LC), disease control (DC) and overall survival (OS) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Results: For our sample, 21 patients were available, 18 of whom were treated for primary, 3 for locally recurrent and 16 for inoperable disease. The median CTV and PTV were 1215 cm and 1630 cm. Median Dmean values for the PTV, bladder and rectum and median V40 Gy for the bowel for patients undergoing proton therapy were 56 Gy (RBE), 0.6 Gy (RBE), 9 Gy (RBE) and 15 cm, respectively. At the end of particle therapy, G 1-2 skin reactions ( = 16/21) and fatigue ( = 9/21) were the main reported symptoms. After a median follow-up of 21 months, the 2-year LC, DC and OS were 76%, 56% and 86%, respectively.

Conclusions: Particle therapy in adult pelvic Ewing sarcoma is feasible and provides excellent dosimetric results. First clinical outcomes are promising; however, further long-term follow-up is needed.