PADI4 and IL-33 gene polymorphisms associated with differential susceptibility to juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Chinese children.

Background: Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) are two common types of autoimmune diseases in children with unclear pathogenesis. Both peptidyl arginine deiminase type IV (PADI4) and interleukin 33 (IL-33) are the key molecular involved in immune responses in autoimmune diseases. Usually, it may share the same risk genetic alleles for autoimmune diseases.

Methods: So measurement of PADI4 and IL-33 polymorphisms was conducted with 303 healthy controls, 144 JSLE patients and 160 JIA patients in this study.

Results: It demonstrated that there was a significant association between PADI4 genotypes (rs2240340: CT, CT + CC), IL-33 genotype (rs1929992: TT) and JSLE susceptibility in Southwest China population. While no significant association with the risk of JIA were observed no matter at allelic or genotypic levels.

Conclusions: Our study reveals the importance of PADI4 and IL-33 polymorphisms with JSLE risk and their roles in the development of the diseases need more further researches.