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Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis share two molecular subtypes with different mechanisms and drug response.
J Crohns Colitis
October 2024
Genomic Research Center, AbbVie Inc, Cambridge, MA.
Article Synopsis
- This study explores the similarities between Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) by identifying shared molecular subtypes in patients, suggesting they may have common underlying mechanisms.
- Researchers integrated data from several datasets to classify patients into two molecular subtypes, one related to immune responses and the other focused on metabolic functions, each with distinct gene modules and cell types.
- The findings indicate that these subtypes can predict treatment responses, with one subtype showing higher effectiveness for certain therapies, helping to personalize treatment approaches for IBD patients.
Improving COVID-19 contact tracing and testing of exposed individuals in Cameroon using digital health technology: a cluster randomised trial.
EClinicalMedicine
August 2024
Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Background: Contact tracing was described as a key strategy to contribute to controlling the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome of Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) but implementing it can be a challenge. Digitalisation of contact tracing is among the proposed solutions being explored in sub-Saharan African settings. We assessed the effectiveness of a digital tool to expand SARS-CoV-2 testing in exposed individuals in Cameroon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVitamin 25(OH)D, E, and C Supplementation Impact the Inflammatory and Antioxidant Responses in Piglets Fed a Deoxynivalenol-Contaminated Diet and Challenged with Lipopolysaccharides.
Toxins (Basel)
June 2024
Department of Animal Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- Feeding pigs low-quality grains can lead to mycotoxin contamination, specifically deoxynivalenol (DON), which causes health issues like reduced appetite, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
- A study examined the effects of adding vitamin 25(OH)D, vitamin E, and vitamin C to the diets of pigs exposed to DON, showing that these vitamins could enhance immune functions and mitigate the negative impacts of DON.
- Results indicated that the combination of these vitamins improved the pigs’ antioxidant defenses, reduced inflammation, and restored vitamin D status, ultimately helping to counteract the harmful effects associated with DON after an immune challenge.
Dynamic Estimation of Cardiovascular State From Arterial Blood Pressure Recordings.
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng
November 2024
Real-time estimation of patient cardiovascular states, including cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance, is necessary for personalized hemodynamic monitoring and management. Highly invasive measurements enable reliable estimation of these states but increase patient risk. Prior methods using minimally invasive measurements reduce patient risk but have produced unreliable estimates limited due to trade-offs in accuracy and time resolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmerican Football On-Field Head Impact Kinematics: Influence of Acceleration Signal Characteristics on Peak Maximal Principal Strain.
Ann Biomed Eng
August 2024
Department of Mechanical Engineering, École de technologie supérieure, 1100 Notre-Dame Street West, Montreal, QC, H3C 1K3, Canada.
Recorded head kinematics from head-impact measurement devices (HIMd) are pivotal for evaluating brain stress and strain through head finite element models (hFEM). The variability in kinematic recording windows across HIMd presents challenges as they yield inconsistent hFEM responses. Despite establishing an ideal recording window for maximum principal strain (MPS) in brain tissue, uncertainties persist about the impact characteristics influencing vulnerability when this window is shortened.
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