The unicellular green microalga is a potential source of a wide range of nutritionally important compounds applicable to the food industry. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of dried biomass on the growth and adherence of 10 strains of , and . The immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects of on human peripheral mononuclear cells and simulated intestinal epithelial cell lines Caco-2 and HT-29 were evaluated. Furthermore, the hypocholesterolemic effects of the microalgae on lipid metabolism in rats fed a high-fat diet were analyzed. The addition of biomass had a positive effect on the growth of nine out of 10 probiotics and promoted the adherence of three bifidobacteria strains to human cell lines. The antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties of were concentration-dependent. The inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) were significantly increased following stimulation at the lowest concentration (0.5% ). Eight week supplementation of to the diet of hypercholesteromic rats significantly decreased the serum concentrations of LDL-C, VLDL, IDL-B, and IDL-C. is not cytotoxic in intestinal cell models; it promotes adherence of selected bifidobacteria, it affords immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects, and its addition to diets may help decrease atherosclerosis risk factors.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md20120781 | DOI Listing |
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