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Reliable long-term individual variation in wild chimpanzee technological efficiency.
Nat Hum Behav
December 2024
School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Variation in the efficiency of extracting calorie-rich and nutrient-dense resources directly impacts energy expenditure and potentially has important repercussions for cultural transmission where social learning strategies are used. Assessing variation in efficiency is key to understanding the evolution of complex behavioural traits in primates. Here we examine evidence for individual-level differences beyond age- and sex-class in non-human primate extractive foraging efficiency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChallenges and promises of big team comparative cognition.
Nat Hum Behav
December 2024
Department of Psychology and Counseling, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, KS, USA.
Training primates to forage in virtual 3D environments.
Behav Processes
January 2025
Ape Cognition and Conservation Initiative, Des Moines, IA, USA.
Virtual environment software is increasingly being employed as a non-invasive method in primate cognition research. Familiar and novel stimuli can be presented in new ways, opening the door to studying aspects of cognition in captivity which previously may not have been feasible. Despite the increased complexity of visual input compared to more traditional computerised studies, several groups of captive primates have now been trained to navigate virtual three-dimensional environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Origins of War : A Global Archaeological Review.
Hum Nat
September 2024
Sciences Po, Paris, Center for International Studies (CERI), 28 Rue des Saints-Pères, Paris, 75007, France.
Article Synopsis
- The article explores the origins of war, debating whether it's a fundamental human trait ("deep roots") inherited from our ancestors or a recent development linked to the rise of agriculture and complex societies ("shallow roots").
- Through a review of prehistoric archaeological evidence from different regions, the article investigates patterns of conflict and cooperation among early human groups over time.
- While both perspectives are partially supported, the findings indicate that interactions varied significantly, with early human societies exhibiting a mix of both violent and peaceful behaviors rather than a clear trend towards war or harmony.
No evidence for inequity aversion in non-human animals: a meta-analysis of accept/reject paradigms.
Proc Biol Sci
November 2024
Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Disadvantageous inequity aversion (IA), a negative response to receiving less than others, is a key building block of the human sense of fairness. While some theorize that IA is shared by species across the animal kingdom, others argue that it is an exclusively human evolutionary adaptation to the selective pressures of cooperation among non-kin. Essential to this debate is the empirical question of whether non-human animals are averse towards unequal resource distributions.
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