Background: The associations of ambient air pollution with hospital admissions (HAs) for overall and specific causes of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), as well as related morbidity and economic burdens remain understudied, especially in low-pollution areas of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We evaluated the short-term effects of exposure to PM (particles with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm), PM (particles with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm), and SO (sulfur dioxide) on HAs for CVDs in Panzhihua, China, during 2016-2020, and calculated corresponding attributable risks and economic burden.
Methods: We used a generalized additive model (GAM) while controlling for time trends, meteorological conditions, holidays, and days of the week to estimate the associations. The cost of illness (COI) method was adopted to further assess corresponding hospitalization costs and productivity losses.
Results: A total of 27 660 HAs for CVDs were included in this study. PM and SO were significantly associated with elevated risks of CVDs hospitalizations. Each 10 μg/m increase in PM and SO at lag06 corresponded to an increase of 2.48% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.92%-4.06%), and 5.50% (95% CI = 3.09%-7.97%) in risk of HAs for CVDs, respectively. The risk estimates of PM and SO on CVD hospitalizations were generally robust after adjustment for other pollutants in two-pollutant models. We found stronger associations between air pollution (PM and SO) and CVDs in cool seasons than in warm seasons. For specific causes of CVDs, significant associations of PM and SO exposure with cerebrovascular disease and ischaemic heart disease were observed. Using 0 μg/m as the reference concentrations, 11.91% (95%CI = 4.64%-18.56%) and 15.71% (95%CI = 9.30%-21.60%) of HAs for CVDs could be attributable to PM and SO, respectively. During the study period, PM and SO brought 144.34 million Yuan economic losses for overall CVDs, accounting for 0.028% of local GDP.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that PM and SO exposure might be an important trigger of HAs for CVDs and accounted for substantial morbidity and economic burden.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.7189/jogh.12.11012 | DOI Listing |
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