[Controversial and unresolved aspects of the problem of epilepsy].

Objective: Based on the analysis of a comprehensive examination of patients (clinical, neuropsychological, genetic, neuroimaging) to identify the signs that distinguish/preserve the features of cryptogenic epilepsy (CE) relative to symptomatic and generalized idiopathic epilepsy (SE and IE).

Material And Methods: 375 patients with various forms of epilepsy were examined: 231 - with SE, 66 - with IE, and 78 - with CE. All patients underwent a generally accepted clinical examination; patients were divided into two clusters: 1 cluster (to identify the distinctive features of the psychoemotional status of patients, to assess the quality of life and compare them with the severity of seizures and other indicators), 2 cluster (to determine the presence of genetic disorders in CI patients and to conduct fMRI in this group).

Results: The features of psychoemotional disorders, indicators of quality of life, genetic characteristics that distinguish CE from IE and SE are established.

Conclusion: CE is a consequence of a combination of two main risk factors for epilepsy - 1) hereditary and 2) exogenous brain damage, but less pronounced compared to IE and CE.