The advancement of information and communication technologies has led to an increasing use of conversational chatbots in the learning and teaching sector, especially for the second language (L2) acquisition. In the field of second language acquisition, the use of AI chatbots has been explored, mainly studying pedagogical approaches. However, there is a limited study in the development of empathetic strategies for dealing with learners' emotional discomfort, the impact of humor and the consideration of learners' cultural backgrounds. Thus, this study reviews the existing studies on AI second language (L2) chatbots to investigate the development of empathetic strategies for enhancing learners' learning outcomes. To achieve the aim of this study, prior studies from 2012 and 2022 of several popular databases, including Web of Science, ProQuest, IEEE and ScienceDirect are collected and analyzed. This study found that three dimensions such as cultural, empathetic and humorous dimensions have a positive influence on the application of AI L2 chatbots for enhancing learners' learning outcomes. This study also found that the development of an AI chatbot in L2 education has plenty of room for improvement. Several recommendations are made for enhancing the use of AI L2 chatbots which include integrating cross-cultural empathetic responses in conversational L2 chatbots, identifying how learners perceive and react to the learning content, and investigating the effects of cross-culture humor on learners' language proficiency.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12056 | DOI Listing |
J Speech Lang Hear Res
January 2025
Down Syndrome Program, Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA.
Purpose: Toddlers with Down syndrome (DS) showcase comparable or higher rates of gestures than chronological age- and language-matched toddlers without DS. Little is known about how gesture use in toddlers with DS relates to multiple domains of development, including motor, pragmatics, language, and visual reception (VR) skills. Unexplored is whether gesture use is a good marker of social communication skills in DS or if gesture development might be more reliably a marker of motor, language, pragmatics, or VR skills.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Alzheimer Center Limburg, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Importance: Baseline cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and APOE ε4 allele copy number are important risk factors for amyloid-related imaging abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) receiving therapies to lower amyloid-β plaque levels.
Objective: To provide prevalence estimates of any, no more than 4, or fewer than 2 CMBs in association with amyloid status, APOE ε4 copy number, and age.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used data included in the Amyloid Biomarker Study data pooling initiative (January 1, 2012, to the present [data collection is ongoing]).
JAMA Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.
Importance: Depressive symptoms are associated with cognitive decline in older individuals. Uncertainty about underlying mechanisms hampers diagnostic and therapeutic efforts. This large-scale study aimed to elucidate the association between depressive symptoms and amyloid pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Oncol
December 2024
Department of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Nervous System Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China.
Purpose: This study seeks to systematically analyze the research literature pertaining to breast cancer surgery from 2010 to 2024, as indexed in the PubMed database, employing bibliometric methodologies.
Methods: Employing the "bibliometrix" package in the R programming language, alongside VOSviewer and CiteSpace software, this research conducted a comprehensive visual analysis of 1,195 publications. The analysis encompassed publication trends, collaborative networks, journal evaluation, author and institutional assessments, country-specific analyses, keyword exploration, and the identification of research hotspots.
Clin Neuropsychiatry
December 2024
IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy.
Objective: To describe the relationship between executive functions (EF) and symptom's severity, behavioral problems, and adaptive functioning in autistic preschoolers.
Method: Seventy-six autistic preschoolers (age-range: 37-72 months; SD: 8.67 months) without intellectual disability were assessed.
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