Driver Expectations of a Partial Driving Automation System in Relation to Branding and Training.

Objective: The current study examined whether differences in the branding and description or mode of training materials influence drivers' understanding and expectations of a partial driving automation system.

Background: How technology is described might influence consumers' understanding and expectations, even if all information is accurate.

Method: Ninety drivers received training about a real partial driving automation system with a fictitious name. Participants were randomly assigned to a branding condition (system named , training emphasized capabilities; or system named , training emphasized limitations) and training mode (quick-start brochure; video; or in-person demonstration). No safety-critical information was withheld nor deliberately misleading information provided. After training, participants drove a vehicle equipped with the system. Associations of drivers' expectations with branding condition and training mode were assessed using between-subjects comparisons of questionnaire responses obtained pre- and post-drive.

Results: Immediately after training, those who received information emphasizing the system's capabilities had greater expectations of the system's function and crash avoidance capability in a variety of driving scenarios, including many in which the system would not work, as well as greater willingness to utilize the system's workload reduction benefits to take more risks. Most but not all differences persisted after driving the vehicle. Expectations about collision avoidance differed by training mode pre-drive but not post-drive.

Conclusion: Training that emphasizes a partial driving automation system's capabilities and downplays its limitations can foster overconfidence.

Application: Accuracy of technical information does not guarantee understanding; training should provide a balanced view of a system's limitations as well as capabilities.