The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) is widely used to compare depressive symptoms across sex, and change in depression over time, yet measurement invariance has not been demonstrated. Multiple-groups and longitudinal confirmatory factor analysis assessed measurement invariance of the CES-D in a sample of 697 Spokane Heart Study participants. Findings demonstrated partial measurement invariance across sex of the CES-D across both time points with men having significantly lower depression levels than women at time one ( = -3.62, < .01) and time two ( = -4.06, < .01), and full temporal measurement invariance with stable levels of depression over time ( = 0.85, = .39). Validity of the CES-D to compare depression across sex and time is supported.
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