AI Article Synopsis
- * This study utilizes MALDI-MSI and proteotranscriptomic techniques to investigate the venom gland of the Egyptian cobra, revealing complex toxin distributions.
- * The findings indicate significant variability in toxin classes across the venom gland, suggesting that the physiological conditions can influence venom production and modulation.
Article Abstract
Among venomous animals, toxic secretions have evolved as biochemical weapons associated with various highly specialized delivery systems on many occasions. Despite extensive research, there is still limited knowledge of the functional biology of most animal toxins, including their venom production and storage, as well as the morphological structures within sophisticated venom producing tissues that might underpin venom modulation. Here, we report on the spatial exploration of a snake venom gland system by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI), in combination with standard proteotranscriptomic approaches, to enable in situ toxin mapping in spatial intensity maps across a venom gland sourced from the Egyptian cobra (). MALDI-MSI toxin visualization on the elapid venom gland reveals a high spatial heterogeneity of different toxin classes at the proteoform level, which may be the result of physiological constraints on venom production and/or storage that reflects the potential for venom modulation under diverse stimuli.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00424 | DOI Listing |
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