The lateral displacement of a totally reflected light beam from the position expected by geometrical optics has been known for some time. The effect, known as the Goos-Hänchen shift, may be understood in terms of the phase changes acquired upon reflection at the interface by the plane wave components of the angular spectrum representation of the incident field. In this work, we study the shifts that occur in the reflection of random fields from flat dielectric interfaces. We find that, similar to the well-known effect for beams, random fields can also present lateral shifts in reflection experiments, and that the shifts acquired by speckle patterns are the same as those of an equivalent beam. For tapered speckle beams, we show that the shifts of the mean intensity do not depend on the average beam size, but mainly on speckle size.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.473389 | DOI Listing |
Front Child Adolesc Psychiatry
October 2022
Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom.
In 2015, The Alleviating Specific Phobias Experienced by Children Trial (ASPECT) was commissioned by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) to compare the clinical and cost-effectiveness of multi-session Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for specific phobias in children and young people (CYP) (aged 7-16), with a briefer variant called One Session Treatment (OST). From 2016 to 2020, ASPECT recruited = 274 CYP with specific phobias and their families from across England, including 26 Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) centres, three voluntary sector centers and one University-based wellbeing service. Whilst the trial successfully reached its recruitment target, the challenges experienced in its delivery highlight the difficulties of embedding child and adolescent research into clinical settings and routine practice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFR Soc Open Sci
January 2025
School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Field studies of social behaviour are challenging due to the need to record or infer interactions between multiple individuals, often under suboptimal environmental conditions or with potential disturbance by observers. Due to the limited field techniques available, we present a novel method to quantify social behaviours in the field by comparing the counts of individuals caught in traps across multiple locations sampled simultaneously. The distribution of individuals between traps gives the extent of aggregation, and phenotypic data allow for inference of non-random assortment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Acute Medicine, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Southend-on-Sea, GBR.
Heart failure (HF) is a life-threatening condition with severe incapacitating consequences. Many body organs and systems may be affected, which may also hinder the quality of life and finances at the individual and societal levels. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have also emerged as potentially useful drugs in the HF domain and other medical fields, in addition to their glucose-lowering effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBehav Sleep Med
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Objectives: Research supports cognitive behavioral therapies for nightmares (CBT-N) in adults. However, the nuances of implementation and unstandardized nomenclature for treatment components has created confusion in the field. To provide clarification, an expert consensus panel convened to review treatment manual components and to develop guidelines for the standardized implementation and terminology of CBT-N.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Public Health
January 2025
Department of Movement and Training Science, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
Background: Workplace health promotion is essential for individual and organisational well-being and disease prevention, also in industrial workers. As the transfer of the evidence on the effectiveness of such programs into practice is limited due to scattered effects, the need for a consolidation of the available studies is given. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesise the evidence on the effectiveness of workplace health promotion programs for industrial workers.
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