The aim of this study is to make a comparative study on the reproduction number computed at the beginning of each wave for African countries and to understand the reasons for the disparities between them. The study covers the two first years of the COVID-19 pandemic and for 30 African countries. It links pandemic variables, reproduction number , demographic variable, median age of the population, economic variables, and per capita, and climatic variables, mean temperature at the beginning of each waves. The results show that the diffusion of COVID-19 in Africa was heterogeneous even between geographical proximal countries. The difference of the basic reproduction number values is very large between countries and is significantly correlated with economic and climatic variables and temperature and to a less extent with the mean age of the population.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1039925 | DOI Listing |
Health Policy Plan
January 2025
Department of Anthropology, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
Substandard and falsified (SF) medical products are a serious health and economic concern that disproportionately impact low- and middle-income countries and marginalized groups. Public education campaigns are demand-side interventions that may reduce risk of SF exposure, but the effectiveness of such campaigns, and their likelihood of benefitting everybody, is unclear. Nationwide pilot risk communication campaigns, involving multiple media, were deployed in Ghana, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Uganda in 2020-2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Coll Physicians Surg Pak
January 2025
Anti-Quackery Committee, Sindh Healthcare Commission, Karachi, Pakistan.
Fraudulent medical practices remain prevalent globally, fueled by digital platforms spreading false claims. This study analysed 3,327 published studies and 400 grey literature sources, selecting 38 studies and 19 excerpts for detailed examination. It identified 126 distinct quackery techniques and products used throughout history.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Bureau de L'Organisation Mondiale de La Santé (OMS), Niamey, Niger.
Background: Recently, a total of 74 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) outbreaks were detected in 39 countries, with 672 confirmed Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) cases identified in 27 countries. Despite progress, Niger experienced cVDPV outbreaks in 2018, highlighting the importance of maintaining AFP surveillance as a tool for polio eradication. This analysis aims to comprehensively assess AFP surveillance trends, patterns, and challenges in Niger, offering insights for public health initiatives in conflict-affected contexts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Public Health Policy
January 2025
Collaboration for Evidence Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
In Ghana and many other sub-Saharan African countries gambling advertising has become pervasive due to weak regulations that allow gambling operators to zealously promote their products as a risk-free way to make money. In this commentary, we provide a public health perspective based on document analysis of the Ghana Gaming Commission's guidelines on advertisements, and recommendations for strengthening Ghana's gambling regulatory environment. With the industry intensifying its focus on new markets to grow and sustain profits, and new global players entering Ghana's market, the competition for market share will most likely intensify with an associated and aggressive increase in gambling advertising.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTalanta
January 2025
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784028, India. Electronic address:
Detection and analysis of organochlorine pesticides (OCP) residue is getting significant research importance because of their extensive use despite their hazardous effects on the health of people and the ecosystem. Despite the implementation of regulations and bans to safeguard human health and the environment, reports frequently reveal the continued use of these harmful chemicals in quantities exceeding the recommended limits set by regulatory boards. Data on the use of OCP from India, the most populous country, and African countries is not very encouraging.
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