Laboratory of Health Nutrition, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
Published: December 2022
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
The rs671 polymorphism, unique to East Asians, is well known to change the sensitivity to alcohol. Moreover, this polymorphism is associated not only with alcohol intake but also with several dietary behaviors (DBs), chronic diseases, and BMI, but the triadic association among the rs671 genotype, DBs, and BMI is unclear. This study included 12,271 Japanese subjects and aimed to observe this three-way association using the rs671 polymorphism, data of 56 DBs, and BMI. All analyses were stratified by participant sex. First, linear regression analyses resulted in significant associations between 18 and 21 DBs and BMI in males and females, respectively. Next, genetic heterogeneity was observed in all sub-groups via interaction analysis of the rs671 genotype stratified by drinking habits. Finally, we observed the characteristics of BMI-related DBs based on the rs671 genotype via stepwise regression analyses stratified by the rs671 genotype and drinking habits. Notably, positive associations were observed between beverage intake and BMI among participants with the rs671 polymorphism AA genotype in both sexes. This study suggests that the rs671 polymorphism modifies the association between DBs and BMI independently of drinking habits, providing evidence for the potential use of rs671 polymorphism information for precision nutrition with East Asians.
Objective: The aetiology of epilepsy is known to have genetic contributions, yet results from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not always been consistent. We undertook a systematic review in order to identify risk variants for epilepsy.
Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA protocol.
Insulin resistance is a major indicator of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. The Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR) offers a simplified and cost-effective way to evaluate insulin resistance. This study aimed to identify genetic variants associated with the prevalence of hypertension stratified by METS-IR score levels.
- The study investigates the link between genetic variants in the ALDH2 and ADH1B genes and the risk of lung adenocarcinoma (LAD), a type of lung cancer, using data from 150 LAD patients and two control groups from Taiwan.
- Results show that the ALDH2 rs671 *2/*2 variant significantly increases the risk of developing LAD, with females showing an even stronger association compared to males.
- No significant relationship was found between the ADH1B rs1229984 variant and LAD risk, highlighting the specific impact of the ALDH2 gene in this population.
- The study highlights the connection between alcohol consumption and lung cancer, focusing on the inactivating mutation in the ALDH2 enzyme prevalent in Asian populations, which impacts acetaldehyde clearance.
- Through a bioinformatic analysis of multi-omics data, researchers found that ALDH2 is significantly expressed in healthy lung tissue but less so in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), affecting key cellular processes and correlating with poorer patient prognosis.
- The findings suggest that understanding ALDH2's role in lung cancer could lead to its use as a prognostic marker and a target for therapies aimed at enhancing immune responses in LUAD patients.
The study investigates how genetic variations in the ADH1B and ALDH2 genes affect developmental outcomes in children based on maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy in a Japanese population.
Analyzing data from 1727 mother-child pairs, it finds that children of mothers who drank alcohol during pregnancy are at a significantly higher risk for communication delays.
Specifically, genetic differences in the ALDH2 gene increase the risk of developmental delays, highlighting the importance of both genetic and environmental factors in child development.
