Application of essential oils as sanitizer alternatives on the postharvest washing of fresh produce.

Growers commonly wash fresh produce with chemical sanitizers during postharvest handling. However, these sanitizers can be harsh to washing systems and pose a health risk to workers. Essential oils (EOs) can be used as alternatives to chemical sanitizers in produce washing. Previous studies reveal that the EOs from thyme, oregano, cinnamon, and clove are the main EOs evaluated in the studies as potential sanitizers for the washing of produce. The use of EOs and surfactants, such as tween80 and cetylpyridinium chloride, might be used to improve the antimicrobial activity of emulsions. However, studies are still required to evaluate the potential effect of different chemical components of EOs and preparations. Also, it is recommended that researchers focus on overcoming obstacles regarding EOs application in washing systems, including the high levels of EO required to reduce bacterial growth, undesired organoleptic impact on produce, and the poor solubility of EOs in aqueous solution.