Structures and Supramolecular Properties of Inclusion Complexes of Anthracene-Triptycene Nanocages with Fullerene Guests and Their Dynamic Motion as Molecular Gyroscopes.

Three derivatives of macrocyclic cage compounds consisting of diarylanthracene and triptycene units were synthesized. These nanocages formed host-guest complexes with C and other fullerene guests as confirmed by H NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy. The association constant of the mesityl and 2,4,6-tributoxyphenyl derivatives with C was determined to be 2.2 × 10  L mol , which was larger than that of the pentafluorophenyl derivative. Direct experimental evidence of the complexation was obtained by X-ray diffraction analysis: the guest C molecule was included in the cavity via multipoint CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions. Dynamic disorders of the included C molecule in variable-temperature X-ray analysis indicated uniaxial motion, such as gyroscopic motion. The unique dynamic behavior of the spherical C rotor anchored by the cage stator via CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions in the crystal, as well as substituent effects on the association properties, are discussed with the aid of DFT calculations.