Cold Nanozyme for Precise Enzymatic Antitumor Immunity.

Precise catalysis is pursued for the biomedical applications of artificial enzymes. It is feasible to precisely control the catalysis of artificial enzymes via tunning the temperature-dependent enzymatic kinetics. The safety window of cold temperatures (4-37 °C) for the human body is much wider than that of thermal temperatures (37-42 °C). Although the development of cold-activated artificial enzymes is promising, there is currently a lack of suitable candidates. Herein, a cold-activated artificial enzyme is presented with BiFeO nanosheets (NSs) as a paradigm. The as-obtained BiFeO NSs possess glutathione oxidase (GSHOx)-like activity under cold temperature due to their pyroelectricity. BiFeO NSs trigger the cold-enzymatic death of tumor cells via apoptosis and ferroptosis, and minimize the off-target toxicity to normal tissues. Moreover, an interventional device is fabricated to intelligently and remotely control the enzymatic activity of BiFeO NSs on a smartphone. With BiFeO NSs as an vaccine, systemic antitumor immunity is successfully activated to suppress tumor metastasis and relapse. Moreover, blood biochemistry analysis and histological examination indicate the high biosafety of BiFeO NSs for applications. This cold nanozyme provides a strategy for cancer vaccines, which can benefit the precise control over catalytic nanomedicines.