Bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) is widely used in the synthesis process of plastic products. While exposure to bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), which has a similar structure to BFDGE and which is used for the same purpose, has been reported to cause health risks, there is still little information on BFDGE. Because it is estimated that the industrial workers are exposed to large amounts of BFDGE, the health risks associated with BFDGE exposure need to be clarified. We investigated the toxicity of cutaneous exposure to BFDGE using an in vitro evaluation system and a mouse exposure model. The tumorigenic potential of BFDGE was confirmed by the Bhas 42 cell transformation assay, which showed that BFDGE has both promoter and initiator activity, in vitro. A single dermal application of BFDGE was associated with minor contact hypersensitivity symptoms. In contrast, repeated dermal exposure to BFDGE for 2 weeks induced persistent acute inflammation with features similar to inflammation in human psoriasis. This is the first report evaluating the toxicity of BFDGE in animals, and we showed that BFDGE carries a health risk of inducing skin dermatitis similar to that in human psoriasis in an exposure period-dependent manner.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gtc.12995 | DOI Listing |
Sci Total Environ
November 2024
Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12237, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, NY 12237, United States.
Bisphenols, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) are commonly used as raw materials or additives in the production of several industrial and consumer products. However, information regarding the occurrence and distribution of these industrial chemicals in freshwater ecosystem is limited. In this study, four bisphenols, six BADGEs, and three BFDGEs were determined in abiotic and biotic samples collected from the Dongjiang River basin in southern China.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicol Lett
July 2024
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, Työterveyslaitos FI-00032, Finland.
The aim of the study was to assess non-occupational and occupational exposure to bisphenol compounds in Finland. The participants were 151 non-occupationally exposed volunteers and 15 potentially exposed employees of a sewage-pipe relining company and a floor-coating company. The following chemicals were measured in the urine samples: bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE), and the metabolites of the latter two [bisphenol A (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) glycidyl ether (BADGE·HO), bisphenol A bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) ether (BADGE·2 HO), bisphenol A (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) ether (BADGE·HCl·HO), bisphenol A (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) glycidyl ether (BADGE·HCl), and bisphenol A bis(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) ether (BADGE·2HCl) and bisphenol F bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) ether (BFDGE·2 HO), and bisphenol F bis(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) ether (BFDGE·2HCl)].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pediatr
January 2024
Department of Environmental Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan.
Eco Environ Health
December 2022
Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York NY10016, USA.
Despite high production and usage, little is known about exposure to bisphenol diglycidyl ethers (BDGEs) and their derivatives in pregnant women and fetuses. In this study, we determined nine BDGEs in 106 paired maternal and cord serum samples collected from e-waste dismantling sites in South of China. Bisphenol A bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) glycidyl ether (BADGE·2HO), bisphenol A (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) glycidyl ether (BADGE·HCl·HO), and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were the major BDGEs, with median concentrations of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Res
June 2023
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China. Electronic address:
Bisphenol diglycidyl ethers (BDGEs) and Bisphenol A and its analogs (bisphenols) may have the same exposure routes and coexposure phenomenon in sensitive populations such as pregnant women. Previous biomonitoring studies on BDGEs are limited. Levels of fifteen bisphenols, six BDGEs and the DNA oxidative damage biomarker 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured in the urine of pregnant women recruited in south China (n = 358).
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