Pneumosinus Dilatans: A Myriad of Symptomology.

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India.

Published: October 2022

Pneumosinus dilatans is an abnormal expansion of the air-filled paranasal sinuses. Usually found incidentally on radiology, it does rarely present in the form of cosmetic, neurological, ocular or rhinological pathologies. We report a case of a young male with complaints of bilateral gradual vision loss, diagnosed as pneumosinus dilatans with optic nerve atrophy. He underwent bilateral optic nerve decompression. A review of all cases of pneumosinus dilatans, reported over the last 100 years in English literature is presented.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9702457PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12070-021-02418-xDOI Listing

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Article Synopsis
  • Visual impairment from pneumosinus dilatans (PSD) in adolescents is rare and can lead to blindness due to its subtle symptoms and lack of effective treatment options.
  • MRI and CT imaging are valuable tools for diagnosing PSD, and the endoscopic transnasal optic nerve decompression (ETOND) procedure can significantly enhance vision in affected patients.
  • This case series not only improves awareness among clinicians to prevent misdiagnoses but also proposes new ideas for investigating the causes of PSD and emphasizes the importance of accurate terminology in discussing its various forms.
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An abnormal enlargement of the air-filled paranasal sinuses is referred to as pneumosinus dilatans. Typically discovered incidentally through radiological examinations, it infrequently manifests as cosmetic, neurological, ocular, or rhinological pathologies. Thorough evaluation for associated conditions is essential in patients with pneumosinus dilatans, including meningiomas of the anterior skull base or the optic nerve sheath.

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