AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates whether the milder symptoms of Omicron infections suggest a decrease in the virus's ability to cause disease as it evolves.
  • Findings show that while initial Omicron infections led to less cell fusion and cell death compared to ancestral SARS-CoV-2, there were changes in virus behavior over time.
  • Specifically, the virus isolated later in a long-term infection showed increased cell fusion and death, indicating that evolution in prolonged infections does not guarantee a weaker virus.

Article Abstract

The milder clinical manifestations of Omicron infection relative to pre-Omicron SARS CoV-2 raises the possibility that extensive evolution results in reduced pathogenicity. To test this hypothesis, we quantified induction of cell fusion and cell death in SARS CoV-2 evolved from ancestral virus during long-term infection. Both cell fusion and death were reduced in Omicron BA.1 infection relative to ancestral virus. Evolved virus was isolated at different times during a 6-month infection in an immunosuppressed individual with advanced HIV disease. The virus isolated 16 days post-reported symptom onset induced fusogenicity and cell death at levels similar to BA.1. However, fusogenicity was increased in virus isolated at 6 months post-symptoms to levels intermediate between BA.1 and ancestral SARS-CoV-2. Similarly, infected cell death showed a graded increase from earlier to later isolates. These results may indicate that, at least by the cellular measures used here, evolution in long-term infection does not necessarily attenuate the virus.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9709797PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2022.11.23.22282673DOI Listing

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