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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05416-3 | DOI Listing |
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Potential plant extinctions with the loss of the Pleistocene mammoth steppe.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany.
During the Pleistocene-Holocene transition, the dominant mammoth steppe ecosystem across northern Eurasia vanished, in parallel with megafauna extinctions. However, plant extinction patterns are rarely detected due to lack of identifiable fossil records. Here, we introduce a method for detection of plant taxa loss at regional (extirpation) to potentially global scale (extinction) and their causes, as determined from ancient plant DNA metabarcoding in sediment cores (sedaDNA) from lakes in Siberia and Alaska over the past 28,000 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReintroduction of resistant frogs facilitates landscape-scale recovery in the presence of a lethal fungal disease.
Nat Commun
November 2024
Resources Management and Science Division, Yosemite National Park, El Portal, CA, 95318, USA.
Vast alteration of the biosphere by humans is causing a sixth mass extinction, driven in part by an increase in infectious diseases. The emergence of the lethal fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has devastated global amphibian biodiversity. Given the lack of any broadly applicable methods to reverse these impacts, the future of many amphibians appears grim.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of global environmental changes on the range contraction of Eurasian moose since the Late Pleistocene.
Sci Total Environ
December 2024
Department of Palaeozoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Sienkiewicza 21, 50-335 Wrocław, Poland.
Climatic oscillations are considered primary factors influencing the distribution of various life forms on Earth. Large species adapted to cold climates are particularly vulnerable to extinction due to climate changes. In our study, we investigated whether temperature increase since the Late Pleistocene and the contraction of environmental niche during the Holocene were the main factors contributing to the decreasing range of moose (Alces alces) in Europe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative study of the body proportions in Elephantidae and other large herbivorous mammals.
J Anat
January 2025
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Article Synopsis
- This study focused on characterizing the body plans of the Elephantidae family and comparing them with other large herbivores, including extinct species like the woolly mammoth.
- It found that mammoths differed significantly in body structure from modern elephants, showcasing an enlarged pelvis and distinct limb proportions.
- Additionally, the research highlighted evolutionary changes in the body plans of both modern perissodactyls and proboscideans compared to their Paleogene ancestors, stressing the impact of allometric growth and locomotion advancements.
Thermal Adaptations in Animals: Genes, Development, and Evolution.
Adv Exp Med Biol
September 2024
Developmental Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Thermal adaptation to environmental temperature is a driving force in animal evolution. This chapter presents thermal adaptation in ectotherms and endotherms from the perspective of developmental biology. In ectotherms, there are known examples of temperature influencing morphological characteristics, such as seasonal color change, melanization, and sex determination.
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