In this pilot clinical trial, we evaluated rates of residual replication in persons without lamivudine resistance-associated mutations in proviral DNA population sequencing who switched to dolutegravir plus lamivudine. After 144 weeks, there was no signal of changes in residual viremia based on qualitative detection methods, irrespective of past lamivudine resistance. NCT03539224.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac610 | DOI Listing |
J Antimicrob Chemother
January 2025
Research Laboratory, Botswana Harvard Health Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
Objectives: We assessed HIV-1 drug resistance profiles among people living with HIV (PLWH) with detectable viral load (VL) and on dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Botswana.
Methods: The study utilised available 100 residual HIV-1 VL samples from unique PLWH in Francistown who had viraemia at-least 6 months after initiating ART in Botswana's national ART program from November 2023 to January 2024. Viraemia was categorized as low-level viraemia (LLV) (VL: 200-999 copies/mL) or virologic failure (VF) (VL ≥1000 copies/mL).
Chin Med J (Engl)
December 2024
Center for Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510400, China.
J Infect Dis
December 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects nearly one-fourth of people with HIV (PWH). The role of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) on immune activation in PWH and HCV is poorly understood.
Methods: We quantified plasma HCV RNA and CXCL10 in persons with HCV mono- versus HIV/HCV co-infection receiving Sofosbuvir-Velpatasvir.
Sex Transm Infect
October 2024
Department of Systems Medicine, Infectious Disease Clinic, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Lazio, Italy
Objective: While antiretroviral therapy (ART) is highly effective, detection of low levels of HIV-1 RNA in plasma is common in treated individuals. Given the uncertainties on the topic, we convened a panel of experts to consider different clinical scenarios, producing a Delphi consensus to help guide clinical practice.
Methods: A panel of 17 experts in infectious diseases, virology and immunology rated 32 statements related to four distinct scenarios: (1) low-level viremia during stable (≥6 months) first-line ART (≥2 consecutive HIV-1 RNA measurements 50-500 copies/mL); (2) a viral blip during otherwise suppressive ART (a HIV-1 RNA measurement 50-1000 copies/mL with adjacent measurements <50 copies/mL); (3) low-level viral rebound during previously suppressive ART (≥2 consecutive HIV-1 RNA measurements 50-500 copies/mL); (4) residual viremia during suppressive ART (persistent HIV-1 RNA quantification below 50 copies/mL).
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol
June 2024
Dental Surgeon, Clinic for Integrative Dentistry, Munich, Germany.
Exceedingly high levels of the chemokine CCL5/RANTES have been found in fatty degenerated osteonecrotic alveolar bone cavities (FDOJ) and aseptic ischemic osteolysis of the jaw (AIOJ) from toothless regions. Because CCL5/RANTES seems to have a prominent role in creating the COVID-19 "cytokine storm", some researchers have used the monoclonal antibody Leronlimab to block the CCR5 on inflammatory cells. Is preexisting FDOJ/AIOJ jaw marrow pathology a "hidden" co-morbidity affecting some COVID-19 infections? To what extent does the chronic CCL5/RANTES expression from preexisting FDOJ/AIOJ areas contribute to the progression of the acute cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients? Authors report on reducing the COVID-19 "cytokine storm" by treating infected patients through targeting the chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) with Leronlimab and interrupting the activation of CCR5 by high CCL5/RANTES signaling, thus dysregulating the inflammatory phase of the viremia.
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