Alzheimers Dement (N Y)
ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimarães Portugal.
Published: November 2022
Introduction: Given the ineffectiveness of the available drug treatment against Alzheimer disease (AD), light-based therapeutic modalities have been increasingly receiving attention with photobiomodulation (PBM) and, more recently, visual stimulation (VS) being among the most promising approaches. However, the PBM and VS light parameters tested so far, as well as their outcomes, vary a lot with conflicting results being reported.
Methods: Based on Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases search, this systematic review summarizes, compares, and discusses 43 cell, animal, and human studies of PBM and VS related to cognitive decline and AD pathology.
Results: Preclinical work suggests that PBM with 640±30-nm light and VS at 40 Hz attenuates Aβ and Tau pathology and improves neuronal and synaptic plasticity with most studies pointing towards enhancement of degradation/clearance mechanisms in the brain of AD animal models. Despite the gap of the translational evidence for both modalities, the few human studies performed so far support the use of PBM at 810-870 nm light pulsing at 40 Hz for improving brain network connectivity and memory in older subjects and AD patients, while 40 Hz VS in humans seems to improve cognition; further clinical investigation is urgently required to clarify the beneficial impact of PBM and VS in AD patients.
Discussion: This review highlights PBM and VS as promising light-based therapeutic approaches against AD brain neuropathology and related cognitive decline, clarifying the most effective light parameters for further preclinical and clinical testing and use.
Highlights: Light-based brain stimulation produces neural entrainment and reverts neuronal damageBrain PBM and VS attenuate AD neuropathologyPMB and VS are suggested to improve cognitive performance in AD patients and animal modelsLight stimulation represents a promising therapeutic strategy against neurodegeneration.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/trc2.12249 | DOI Listing |
BMC Med Imaging
January 2025
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Cognitive networks impairments are common in neuropsychiatric disorders like Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SZ). While previous research has focused on specific brain regions, the role of the procedural memory as a type of long-term memory to examine cognitive networks impairments in these disorders remains unclear. This study investigates alterations in resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) within the procedural memory network to explore brain function associated with cognitive networks in patients with these disorders.
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January 2025
Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA.
Remote, digital cognitive testing on an individual's own device provides the opportunity to deploy previously understudied but promising cognitive paradigms in preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD). The Boston Remote Assessment for NeuroCognitive Health (BRANCH) captures a personalized learning curve for the same information presented over seven consecutive days. Here, we examined BRANCH multi-day learning curves (MDLCs) in 167 cognitively unimpaired older adults (age = 74.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Santa Maria Di Costantinopoli 16, 80138, Naples, Italy.
Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) may exhibit poorer performance in visuomotor tasks than healthy individuals, particularly under conditions with high cognitive load. Few studies have examined reaching movements in MCI and did so without assessing susceptibility to distractor interference. This proof-of-concept study analyzed the kinematics of visually guided reaching movements towards a target dot placed along the participants' midsagittal/reaching axis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany.
Visual search becomes slower with aging, particularly when targets are difficult to discriminate from distractors. Multiple distractor rejection processes may contribute independently to slower search times: dwelling on, skipping of, and revisiting of distractors, measurable by eye-tracking. The present study investigated how age affects each of the distractor rejection processes, and how these contribute to the final search times in difficult (inefficient) visual search.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAJNR Am J Neuroradiol
January 2025
From the Department of Department of Radiology, Brain Health Imaging Institute (A.R-F, J.I, S.P, M.d, G.C.C) Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA; the Department of Neurology (A.R-F), Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia; the Department of Radiology, Division of Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics (A.R-F, J.I) Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA; the Department of Neurology (D.Z, MM, L.R, A.S.N) Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA.
Amyloid-targeting therapy has recently become widely available in the U.S. for the treatment of patients with symptomatic mild Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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