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CROI 2024: Global Epidemiology and Prevention of HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Diseases.
Top Antivir Med
July 2024
San Francisco Department of Public Health, California, USA.
At the 2024 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI), investigators presented updates on the global HIV epidemic, focusing on ongoing disparities by race/ethnicity in the US, the ongoing concentration of new infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women in the Americas, and a shift to a greater total number of infections now in low versus high prevalence countries globally. HIV testing, the gateway to prevention and to treatment, has not fully rebounded from the substantial declines seen during the early COVID-19 pandemic in some settings, although innovative strategies including home testing and opt-out testing in clinical settings appear to be reaching populations in need of testing. Several investigators reported on the efficacy and effectiveness of doxycycline used as postexposure prophylaxis (doxy-PEP) to prevent bacterial sexual transmitted infections in MSM and transgender women in clinical trials and clinic settings; citywide rates of chlamydia and syphilis have decreased in San Francisco after the rollout of the first doxy-PEP guidelines in the US.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHIV and HCV seroincidence, associated factors and drug use in people who inject drugs, SurvUDI network, eastern central Canada, 1995-2020.
Int J Drug Policy
June 2024
Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
Background: The SurvUDI network is a biobehavioural survey among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Eastern Central Canada.
Objectives: The objectives were to describe HIV and HCV seroincidence trends, associated factors and changes in drug use behaviours.
Methods: The network was initiated in 1995 and targets hard-to-reach, mostly out-of- treatment PWID.
Exploring Psychosocial and Structural Syndemic Effects as Predictors of HIV Risk Behaviors Among Black Women (HPTN 064).
J Womens Health (Larchmt)
June 2024
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, Maryland, USA.
Syndemic models have been used in previous studies exploring HIV-related outcomes; however, these models do not fully consider intersecting psychosocial (, substance use, depressive symptoms) and structural factors (unstable housing, concentrated housing vacancy) that influence the lived experiences of women. Therefore, there is a need to explore the syndemic effects of psychosocial and structural factors on HIV risk behaviors to better explain the multilevel factors shaping HIV disparities among black women. This analysis uses baseline data (May 2009-August 2010) from non-Hispanic black women enrolled in the HIV Prevention Trials Network 064 Women's Seroincidence Study (HPTN 064) and the American Community Survey 5-year estimates from 2007 to 2011.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent HIV infection and annualized HIV incidence rates among sexual and gender minorities in Brazil and Peru (ImPrEP seroincidence study): a cross-sectional, multicenter study.
Lancet Reg Health Am
December 2023
Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (INI-Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Background: HIV incidence estimation is critical for monitoring the HIV epidemic dynamics and the effectiveness of public health prevention interventions. We aimed to identify sexual and gender minorities (SGM) with recent HIV infections, factors associated with recent HIV infection, and to estimate annualised HIV incidence rates.
Methods: Cross-sectional multicentre study in HIV testing services in Brazil and Peru (15 cities).
Estimating seroconversion rates accounting for repeated infections by approximate Bayesian computation.
Stat Med
December 2023
Center for Statistics (CenStat), University Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium.
This study presents a novel approach for inferring the incidence of infections by employing a quantitative model of the serum antibody response. Current methodologies often overlook the cumulative effect of an individual's infection history, making it challenging to obtain a marginal distribution for antibody concentrations. Our proposed approach leverages approximate Bayesian computation to simulate cross-sectional antibody responses and compare these to observed data, factoring in the impact of repeated infections.
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