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Microbicide Containing Ellagic Acid Can Inhibit HIV-1 Infection. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study aimed to explore the effects of Ellagic acid (EA) on HIV-1 replication, viral enzyme activity, and cytokine secretion in infected cells.
  • Results showed that EA was non-toxic to cells and effectively suppressed HIV-1 replication in a dose-dependent manner, achieving up to 84% inhibition in gel form.
  • The findings suggest that EA, whether in solution or gel, could serve as a potential microbicide for preventing HIV infection without harming healthy cells.

Article Abstract

Objectives: Ellagic acid (EA) has a wide range of biological effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro effects of EA on HIV-1 replication, viral enzyme activity and cytokine secretion by infected cells.

Methods: The anti-HIV-1 activity of EA in solution was determined in vitro using the infection of TZM-bl cells by the nano luciferase-secreting R5-tropic JRCSF strain of HIV-1, which allows for the quantification of viral growth by measuring nano luciferase in the culture supernatants. The effect of EA on the cytokine secretion of TZM-bl cells was determined by a multiplexed bead array after 48 h of HIV-1 exposure. The antiviral effect of EA in the gel formulation (Ellagel), as would be used for vaginal application, was investigated by the inhibition of infection of UC87.CD4.CCR5 cells with R5-tropic pBaLEnv-recombinant HIV-1.

Results: EA in solutions of up to 100 µM was not toxic to TZM-bl cells. EA added either 1 h before or 4 h after HIV-1 exposure suppressed the replication of R5-tropic HIV-1 in TZM-bl cells in a dose-dependent manner, with up to 69% inhibition at 50 µM. EA-containing solutions also exhibited a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on HIV-1 replication in U87 cells. When EA was formulated as a gel, Ellagel containing 25 µM and 50 µM EA inhibited HIV-1 replication in U87 cells by 56% and 84%, respectively. In assays of specific HIV-1 enzyme activity, Ellagel inhibited HIV-1 integrase but not protease. EA did not significantly modulate cytokine secretion.

Conclusions: We conclude that EA either in solution or in a gel form inhibits HIV infection without adverse effects on target cells. Thus, gel containing EA can be tested as a new microbicide against HIV infection.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9695535PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227941DOI Listing

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