Investigating immunosensor for determination of SD-biomarker-Aβ based on AuNPs/AC@PANI@CS modified electrodes with amplifying the signal.

Sleep debt (SD) is one of the important triggers for causing not only physiological and mental illness but also dangerous work. Therefore, achieving an early and objective assessment of SD is of great significance in the precaution against SD-related diseases and unsafe work. Here, an ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor was constructed for analysis of SD biomarker amyloid-β (Aβ). The gold nanoparticles/chitosan-coated polyaniline-functionalized activated carbon (AuNPs/AC@PANI@CS) composites were employed as the sensing platforms. Since PANI and AC can form an effective conductive path, it can effectively enhance the penetration of electrolytes on the electrode surface and the rapid transport of charges and ions, significantly enhancing the electrochemical response signal of the immunosensor. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the fabricated immunosensor had a wide linear range of 1.95 pg mL to 1000.00 pg mL, with a low detection limit of 0.014 pg mL. This study not only provides an effective method for the accurate and rapid detection of Aβ, but also offers a novel evaluation strategy for the objective assessment of SD and the study of related pathological mechanisms.