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Managing Pharmaceutical Costs in Health Systems: A Review of Affordability, Accessibility and Sustainability Strategies.
J Mark Access Health Policy
December 2024
Department of Economics and Sustainable Development, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece;
Article Synopsis
- The paper reviews various cost containment policies aimed at controlling pharmaceutical spending by either regulating the industry or influencing consumer demand.
- A narrative literature review highlights that governments have adopted diverse strategies like cost-sharing, value-based pricing, and the promotion of generics, but their effectiveness varies between healthcare systems and can negatively affect patients.
- The conclusion emphasizes the need for thorough evaluation of these policies to ensure their success, as many lack strong evidence of cost-effectiveness and suggest that further research is essential to create tailored solutions that maintain affordability, fairness, and sustainability in healthcare.
Why do consumers purchase energy-efficient kitchen appliance? An analysis based on online review comments.
J Environ Manage
December 2024
School of Management, China Institute for Studies in Energy Policy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Energy Economics and Energy Policy, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361005, China. Electronic address:
Kitchen appliances constitute a significant portion of residential energy consumption. Promoting consumer purchases of high-energy-efficient kitchen appliances can effectively facilitate the transition to a low-carbon society. However, the role of energy saving in the current purchasing behavior of Chinese consumers regarding kitchen appliances remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment and Validation of the Resident Healthcare-Seeking Culture Scale (RHCS) Among Chinese Demographics in the Community Setting.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy
December 2024
School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
Objective: This study aimed to develop a measurement scale with good reliability and validity to assess the reasonableness of resident healthcare-seeking culture.
Methods: This investigation utilized a cross-sectional research design, employing a multi-stage random sampling technique to select adult inhabitants aged eighteen and above who possess fundamental literacy abilities. An online survey was conducted from March to April 2021 across 27 provinces in China, encompassing 911 questionnaires for scale development.
The gender gap in expert voices: Evidence from economics.
Public Underst Sci
December 2024
University of Bristol, UK; CEPR, UK.
In economics, as in other domains, male experts are overrepresented in public debates. The underlying reason for this is unclear. A demand-side explanation is that female experts are less frequently asked to give their opinion; a supply-side explanation is that, conditional on being asked, female experts are less willing to give their opinion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic public service and residents' travel carbon time intensity: Impact and mechanism.
J Environ Manage
December 2024
School of Management, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
Investigating demand-side emission reduction through individual behavior and public infrastructure remains a focal point, yet existing studies lack a temporal perspective on their relationship. This study introduces the concept of carbon time intensity (CTI), which refines carbon emission analysis from total quantity to temporal structure, aiming to deepen the understanding of demand-side mitigation through an integrated spatiotemporal framework. This study, drawing on data from the 2021 China Time Use Survey and Household Finance Survey, investigates the mechanisms by which urban basic public service (BPS) affect residents' travel carbon time intensity (TCTI).
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