Enteroaggregative (EAEC) is an important cause of diarrhea in children and adults worldwide. This pathotype is phenotypically characterized by the aggregative-adherence (AA) pattern in HEp-2 cells and genetically associated to the presence of the gene. EAEC pathogenesis relies in different virulence factors. At least, three types of adhesins have been specifically associated with EAEC strains: the five variants of the aggregative adherence fimbriae (AAF), the aggregative forming pilus (AFP) and more recently, a fibrilar adhesin named CS22. Our study aimed to evaluate the presence of AAF, AFP and CS22-related genes among 110 EAEC strains collected from feces of children with diarrhea. The presence of (EAEC virulence regulator) and genes related to AAFs (, , , and ), AFP ( and ) and CS22 () was detected by PCR, and the adherence patterns were evaluated on HeLa cells. a-positive strains comprised 83.6% of the collection; among them, 80.4% carried at least one AAF-related gene and presented the AA pattern. was the most frequent AAF-related gene (28.4% of + strains). was detected among + (16.3%) and - strains (22.2%); non-adherent strains or strains presenting AA pattern were observed in both groups. and were exclusively detected among - strains (77.8%), most of which (71.4%) also presented AA pattern. Our results indicate that AAF- and AFP-related genes may contribute to identify EAEC strains, while the presence of and its importance as an EAEC virulence factor and genotypic marker needs to be further evaluated.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.997208 | DOI Listing |
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