Antimüllerian hormone is not associated with embryo ploidy in patients with and without infertility undergoing in vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic testing.

Objective: To assess the association between antimüllerian hormone (AMH) and embryo ploidy rates in 2 cohorts of patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) with trophectoderm biopsy for preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A): the general population of women pursuing IVF with PGT-A (Infertile cohort) and women pursuing IVF with preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT-M) owing to the risk of hereditary monogenic diseases (Non-infertile cohort).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Academic center.

Patient(s): Patients undergoing their first cycle of IVF with trophectoderm biopsy and PGT-A or PGT-A and PGT-M in our center between March 2012 and June 2020. Patients of advanced maternal age according to the Bologna criteria (age ≥40 years) and patients who underwent fresh embryo transfers were excluded.

Intervention(s): None.

Main Outcome Measure(s): Proportion of euploid, mosaic, and aneuploid embryos per cycle.

Result(s): "Infertile" (n = 926) and "Non-infertile" (n = 214) patients were stratified on the basis of AMH levels, with low-AMH defined as <1.1 ng/mL in accordance with the Bologna criteria. Age-adjusted regression models showed no relationship between AMH classification and proportion of euploid, mosaic, and aneuploid embryos in the Infertile or Non-infertile cohorts. In the Infertile cohort, no association between AMH classification and embryo ploidy rates was identified in a subgroup analysis of patients aged <35 years, 35-37 years, and 38-39 years. These findings persisted in a sensitivity analysis of infertile patients stratified into AMH (ng/mL) quartile categories.

Conclusion(s): No association was found between AMH and the proportion of euploid, mosaic, or aneuploid embryos in 2 large cohorts of patients undergoing IVF with PGT-A (Infertile patients) or PGT-A and PGT-M (Non-infertile patients), suggesting that a quantitative depletion of ovarian reserve does not predict the ploidy status of the embryo cohort.