Purpose: To investigate the macular spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) measurements of the segmented inner retinal layers in patients with exfoliation syndrome (XFS), exfoliation glaucoma (XFG).
Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included 28 eyes with XFS, 47 eyes with XFG, and 29 healthy controls. Thickness of the inner retinal layers, including retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), and inner plexiform layer (IPL) was obtained from the horizontal SD-OCT scans. Functional correlation of structural parameters was analyzed using the mean sensitivity (MS) values on 10-2 visual fields.
Results: The RNFL, GCL, and IPL were thinnest in eyes with XFG. Among these retinal layers, IPL was significantly thinner in eyes with XFS than healthy controls (p = 0.02) and the IPL thickness was significantly correlated with the corresponding MS scores on 10-2 visual fields (r = 0.492, p = 0.02) in eyes with XFS. Neither GCL nor RNFL thickness values demonstrated significant correlations with functional parameters in eyes with XFS (r = 0.377, p = 0.08; r = 0.212, p = 0.34). In eyes with XFG, the IPL thickness correlated with the visual field MS scores (r = 0.572, p = 0.0007), similar to the correlation of GCL (r = 0.585, p = 0.0005) thickness with visual field scores.
Conclusions: Segmented analysis of the macular IPL thickness presented a significant correlation with the 10-2 visual field scores not only in eyes with XFG but also in eyes with XFS. With respect to early dendritic/synaptic alterations in animal models, larger and longitudinal studies are encouraged to determine the predictive value of the IPL thickness for conversion of XFS to XFG.
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Article Synopsis
- Exfoliation Syndrome (XFS) is an age-related condition affecting the eye, leading to the accumulation of fibrillar materials that can cause Exfoliation Glaucoma (XFG), a form of secondary open-angle glaucoma.
- XFG is linked to neurodegenerative disease features and characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, including impaired energy production and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in affected cells.
- Research shows that treating XFG patient-derived cells with agents like Urolithin A and Nicotinamide Ribose can help improve mitochondrial function and reduce ROS, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for XFG.
Identifiable Historic and Observable Factors May Predict Progression to Exfoliation Glaucoma in Newly Diagnosed Exfoliation Patients.
Ophthalmol Glaucoma
October 2024
Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Moran Eye Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Objective: To identify clinical factors associated with conversion to exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) in exfoliation syndrome (XFS) patients who are most at risk of progression to XFG within 3 years for increased surveillance and early preventive interventions.
Design: A retrospective patient cohort study design was employed.
Subjects: A source population of XFS patients ≥ 50 years was identified from electronic medical records in the Utah Population Database.
Evaluation of the Inner Macula Layers, Circumpapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, and Minimum Rim Width Thickness in Patients With Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome Without Glaucoma Compared With Controls.
J Glaucoma
November 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Prcis: Minimum rim width (MRW) is thinner in patients with non-glaucomatous pseudoexfoliation syndrome (XFS) and may be the first parameter affected in these patients due to the vascular nature of this disease.
Objective: To evaluate the macular inner layers, circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cp-RNFL), and MRW in non-glaucomatous XFS compared with healthy patients.
Patients And Methods: In this prospective study, using Heidelberg Spectralis optical coherence tomography with Glaucoma Module Premium Edition, 8×8 grids of macular inner layers were exported, and the global, superior, and inferior thicknesses were used.
In Search of Mouse Models for Exfoliation Syndrome.
Am J Ophthalmol
November 2024
From the Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (R.W.K., S.I., J.K.), Nashville, Tennessee.
Purpose: Exfoliation syndrome (XFS) is a systemic connective tissue disorder with elusive pathophysiology. We hypothesize that a mouse model with elastic fiber defects caused by lack of lysyl oxidase like 1 (LOXL1 encoded by Loxl1), combined with microfibril deficiency due to Fbn1 mutation (encoding fibrillin-1, Fbn1) will display ocular and systemic phenotypes of XFS.
Methods: Loxl1 was crossed with Fbn1 to create double mutant (dbm) mice.
Differential protein expression and metabolite profiling in glaucoma: Insights from a multi-omics analysis.
Biofactors
December 2024
Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
Various substances within the aqueous humor (AH) can directly or indirectly impact intraocular tissues associated with intraocular pressure (IOP), a critical factor in glaucoma development. This study aims to investigate individual changes in these AH substances and the interactions among altered components through a multi-omics approach. LC/MS analysis was conducted on AH samples from patients with exfoliation syndrome (XFS, n = 5), exfoliation glaucoma (XFG, n = 4), primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG, n = 11), and cataracts (control group, n = 7).
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