[CME Rheumatology 26: Bone Marrow Edema of the Sacro-Iliac Joint = Spondyloarthritis? What the General Practicioner Should Know].

CME Rheumatology 26: Bone Marrow Edema of the Sacro-Iliac Joint = Spondyloarthritis? What the General Practicioner Should Know Axial spondyloarthritis is a chronic inflammatory joint disease mainly involving the sacroiliac joints (ISG) and the spine. The diagnosis can be made early due to acute inflammatory changes in the ISG on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Radiographs of the ISG do not help in early diagnosis because structural damage is not apparent on radiographs until an advanced stage. In recent years, however, several studies have shown that bone marrow edema - hyperintense signals (= bright spots) as a possible MRI correlate for inflammation - does not specifically occur in axial spondyloarthritis, but can also be seen in healthy people, athletes, people with high mechanical stress (e.g. military recruits) and postpartum women. The diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis should therefore never be based solely on an MRI finding, but must always include the overall clinical context.