The Potential Role of CD44 and CD133 in Colorectal Stem Cell Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most preventable malignancy globally, with a high mortality rate. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are found previously in multiple types of cancer; CRC is one of them, and it has been correlated with several biomarkers. The two most essential markers related to colorectal CSCs are CD44 and CD133, which play a significant role in diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Unfortunately, the CSCs with positive CD44 and CD133 biomarkers illustrated an alarming prognosis. Several trials were trying to target those markers to improve the prognosis and cure. We aimed to review the papers that relate to the two markers in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.