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Season and prey identity mediate the effect of predators on parasites in rodents: a test of the healthy herds hypothesis. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The healthy herds hypothesis (HHH) posits that predators can reduce parasitism in their prey, but this effect varies significantly among different species, seasons, and environmental disturbances.
  • A study using a predator exclusion experiment on hispid cotton rats and cotton mice monitored changes in gastrointestinal parasites, demonstrating that the removal of mammalian predators led to differing parasite outcomes for these rodent species.
  • Findings indicated that the impact of predator exclusion was influenced by the timing of the seasons, showing significant effects mainly in the fall and winter, and it varied depending on whether the measurements were taken before or after a prescribed burn.

Article Abstract

The healthy herds hypothesis (HHH) suggests that predators decrease parasitism in their prey. Repeated tests of this hypothesis across a range of taxa and ecosystems have revealed significant variation in the effect of predators on parasites in prey. Differences in the response to predators (1) between prey taxa, (2) between seasons, and (3) before and after catastrophic disturbance are common in natural systems, but typically ignored in empirical tests of the HHH. We used a predator exclusion experiment to measure the effect of these heterogeneities on the tri-trophic interaction among predators, parasites and prey. We experimentally excluded mammalian predators from the habitats of hispid cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) and cotton mice (Peromyscus gossypinus) and measured the effect of exclusion on gastrointestinal parasites in these rodents. Our experiment spanned multiple seasons and before and after a prescribed burn. We found that the exclusion of the same predators had opposite effects on the parasites of small mammal prey species. Additionally, we found that the effect of mammal exclusion on parasitism differed before versus after fire disturbance. Finally, we saw that the effect of predator exclusion was highly dependent on prey capture season. Significant effects of exclusion emerged primarily in the fall and winter months. The presence of so many different effects in one relatively simple system suggests that predator effects on parasites in prey are highly context dependent.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-022-05284-8DOI Listing

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