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Polyarteritis nodosa with life-threatening intracranial aneurysms in a child, and treatment with infliximab.

Turk J Pediatr

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Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye.

Background: Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare and serious form of systemic necrotizing vasculitis that predominantly affects medium and small-sized arteries, with central nervous system involvement being particularly uncommon. Treatment strategies are tailored according to the extent and severity of the disease. While conventional therapy includes glucocorticoids and conventional disease-modifying-rheumatic drugs (cDMARDs), biologic agents may be critical for severe and refractory cases.

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Primary and secondary antibody deficiencies (PAD and SAD) are amongst the most prevalent immunodeficiency syndromes, often necessitating long-term immune globulin replacement therapy (IRT). Both intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) have demonstrated efficacy in antibody deficiency. Comparative analyses of these two routes of administration are limited to nurse-administered IVIG and home therapy with self-administered SCIG.

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