Traditional Chinese medicine compounds ameliorating glomerular diseases via autophagy: A mechanism review.

Glomerular diseases are major components of kidney disease, mainly manifested as podocyte disease, immune complex-associated glomerulonephritis, and renal autoimmune disease. They are the third leading cause of end-stage renal disease, especially in younger populations. Podocyte death or shedding is a key factor in the progression of glomerular diseases, and autophagy plays an important role in maintaining podocyte homeostasis. Dysfunction of autophagy has been associated with the progression of various glomerular diseases. Modulation of autophagy has been shown to play a protective role in experimental models of glomerular diseases, suggesting that autophagy is a potential therapeutic target for glomerular diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in the treatment of kidney disease. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that TCM compounds can reduce podocyte apoptosis, inhibit inflammation, improve endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress responses, and play an active role via autophagy. This review summarizes the roles of autophagy in glomerular diseases and provides evidence that TCM compounds can regulate autophagy through different signaling pathways to ameliorate glomerular diseases.