Insomnia: Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment Options.

Chronic insomnia is a clinical diagnosis fulfilled by criteria: (a) difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, (b) inability to sleep despite having adequate opportunities, (c) having negative daytime effects due to lack of sleep, and (d) sleep difficulty not explained by other disorder-with symptoms at least three times per week during a period of 3 months. Cognitive behavioral therapy is considered a first-line treatment but can be supported with pharmacologic or digital therapeutics. When developing a patient's care plan, we should consider a "personomics" approach in which we personalize care plans as a form of sleep precision medicine.