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Safety and immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine in adults in Kenya: a phase 1/2 single-blind, randomised controlled trial.
Wellcome Open Res
November 2023
KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
Background: There are limited data on the immunogenicity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines in African populations. Here we report the immunogenicity and safety of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine from a phase 1/2 single-blind, randomised, controlled trial among adults in Kenya conducted as part of the early studies assessing vaccine performance in different geographical settings to inform Emergency Use Authorisation.
Methods: We recruited and randomly assigned (1:1) 400 healthy adults aged ≥18 years in Kenya to receive ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or control rabies vaccine, each as a two-dose schedule with a 3-month interval.
Sequences Related to Chimay Rhabdovirus Are Widely Distributed in Ticks across England and Wales.
Viruses
March 2024
Vector-Borne Diseases Workgroup, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK.
Ticks are the main arthropod vector of pathogens to humans and livestock in the British Isles. Despite their role as a vector of disease, many aspects of tick biology, ecology, and microbial association are poorly understood. To address this, we investigated the composition of the microbiome of adult and nymphal ticks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMonoclonal antibodies for prophylaxis and therapy of respiratory syncytial virus, SARS-CoV-2, human immunodeficiency virus, rabies and bacterial infections: an update from the World Association of Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders and the Italian Society of Antinfective Therapy.
Front Immunol
June 2023
Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Monoclonal antibodies (mABs) are safe and effective proteins produced in laboratory that may be used to target a single epitope of a highly conserved protein of a virus or a bacterial pathogen. For this purpose, the epitope is selected among those that play the major role as targets for prevention of infection or tissue damage. In this paper, characteristics of the most important mABs that have been licensed and used or are in advanced stages of development for use in prophylaxis and therapy of infectious diseases are discussed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommunication Interventions and Assessment of Drivers for Hendra Virus Vaccination Uptake.
Vaccines (Basel)
May 2023
Faculty of Science, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2006, Australia.
Hendra virus disease (HeVD) is an emerging zoonosis in Australia, resulting from the transmission of Hendra virus (HeV) to horses from bats. Vaccine uptake for horses is low despite the high case fatality rate of HeVD in both horses and people. We reviewed evidence-based communication interventions to promote and improve HeV vaccine uptake for horses by horse owners and conducted a preliminary evaluation of potential drivers for HeV vaccine uptake using the Behavioural and Social Drivers of Vaccination (BeSD) framework developed by the World Health Organization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRNA-Seq of untreated wastewater to assess COVID-19 and emerging and endemic viruses for public health surveillance.
Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia
July 2023
National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Article Synopsis
- The study looked at wastewater in Nagpur, India, to find out what viruses were present during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Researchers found many types of viruses, including chikungunya and rabies, that had never been seen in wastewater before.
- They discovered that SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) was common, especially in rural areas, along with other infections like Hepatitis C.
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