Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Objective: The challenges of COVID-19 could magnify socioeconomic vulnerability for craniomaxillofacial (CMF) trauma. This study compares subjects who presented with CMF fractures to a regional healthcare system during the pandemic with those in 2019. We hypothesized societal circumstances of 2020 would correlate with disproportionately more CMF fractures in vulnerable patients compared to pre-pandemic trends.
Methods: An IRB approved retrospective study of CMF fracture presentations in 2019 and 2020 was performed. Demographics, injury details, and management details were collected. A residence-based poverty index was calculated for each subject utilizing census data. Pre-pandemic and pandemic cases were compared to identify differences between cohorts.
Results: A large decrease in presentations was noted between pre-pandemic and pandemic cohorts. There was significantly greater poverty the pre-pandemic cohort as compared to the pandemic cohort ( = .026). Overall, there was a significant correlation between higher poverty and violent MOI ( < .001). This association was maintained pre-pandemic, ( = .001) but was insignificant in the pandemic cohort ( = .108). Difference between cohorts with respect to violent injury was non-significant ( = .559) with non-significant difference in demographics including age ( = .390), place of injury ( = .136), employment status ( = .905), insurance status ( = .580), marital status ( = .711), ethnicity ( = .068), and gender ( = .656). Management was not significantly different between cohorts including percent hospital admission ( = .396), surgical intervention ( = .120), and time to operation ( = .109).
Conclusions: Contrary to our hypothesis, this analysis indicates that the societal changes brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic did not magnify vulnerable populations. Some changes were noted including in volume of presentation, demographic distribution, and injury detail.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19433875211047037 | DOI Listing |
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