Gertrude Marianne Amalia Herzfeld (1890-1981), the first practicing female surgeon in Scotland, overcame bias against women in medicine and pediatric specialists in surgery. After her graduation from the University of Edinburgh Medical School (1914), she became the first female house surgeon at the Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh. In 1920, she became the first practicing woman surgeon to become a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. She left a handful of publications in pediatric surgery: a "radical cure" for inguinal hernia, i.e., early surgery (1925); a review of abdominal surgery in infancy and childhood (1937); surgery for the acute abdomen (1939); and intestinal obstruction (1945). They offer a twenty-year window into how children's surgery was once practiced, when operations were done in patients' homes, and decisions for operation depended solely on the history and physical exam without laboratory testing and radiological imaging. As a series of snapshots over two decades, they reveal how her practice evolved in such areas as fluid resuscitation and radiological reduction of intussusception. She remained steadfast to a careful physical examination and early operation. While she did not document her practice in the care of children with ambiguous genitalia and intersex conditions, she approached the formidable anatomic, psychological, and social challenges of her patients and their families with patience and understanding. Herzfeld was devoted to the care of yet another marginalized population that today is subsumed by the acronym LGBTQIA, yet another area where she was far ahead of her time. Level of evidence: Level VII.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2022.10.037 | DOI Listing |
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Kidney Transplant Coordinator, Atrium Health, Carolinas Medical Center in Charlotte, NC.
Patients in need of a kidney transplant have the option of receiving a kidney from a living donor or a deceased donor. Patients in the United States who do not have an available living donor typically wait on the deceased donor waiting list for an average of three to five years, although some patients may wait longer. The waiting list is very complex and intended to allocate kidneys in a fair and equitable manner.
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• Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany • Congenital Cardiac Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Munich, Germany • European Pediatric Heart Center EKHZ Munich, Munich, Germany.
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