Background: The immune response to breast implants after COVID-19 disease or COVID-19 vaccine administration includes acute inflammatory manifestations, capsular contracture and seroma. Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a very rare tumor in which numerous up-regulated pro-inflammatory immunological pathways activate a T cell lymphoproliferative disorder.
Methods: The first reported case of a BIA-ALCL hidden mass clinically manifesting with inflammatory signs after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccinations is here described.
Results: Complete capsulectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy were performed and immediately after the surgical procedure local inflammatory signs disappeared; no evidence of disease was present 1 year later.
Conclusions: Immunological stimulation by COVID-19 disease and vaccines may highlight some rare clinical manifestations of BIA-ALCL; persistent inflammatory symptomatology over breast implants should be investigated using second-level imaging.
Level Of Evidence V: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9666973 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00266-022-03174-1 | DOI Listing |
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