Prevalence and determinants of hypertension among urban slum dwellers in Bangladesh.

BMC Public Health

School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.

Published: November 2022

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The study identified a 28.3% prevalence of hypertension among urban slum dwellers in Bangladesh, particularly affecting older adults and those from wealthier households.
  • - Factors increasing the risk of hypertension included age (especially those 45 and older), insufficient sleep, being overweight or obese, and having diabetes.
  • - Despite 51% of participants taking anti-hypertensive medications, only 26.4% had their hypertension under control, indicating a need for improved management strategies.

Article Abstract

Background: In low- and middle- income countries such as Bangladesh, urban slum dwellers are particualry vulnerable to hypertension due to inadequate facilities for screening and management, as well as inadequate health literacy among them. However, there is scarcity of evidence on hypertension among the urban slum dwellers in Bangladesh. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with hypertension among urban slum dwellers in Bangladesh.

Methods: Data were collected as part of a large-scale cross-sectional survey conducted by Building Resources Across Communities (BRAC) between October 2015 and January 2016. The present analysis was performed among 1155 urban slum dwellers aged 35 years or above. A structured questionnaire was adminstered to collect data electronically and blood pressure measurements were taken using standardised procedures. Binary logistic regression with generalized estimating equation modelling was performed to estimate the factors associated with hypertension.

Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 28.3% among urban slum dwellers aged 35 years and above. In adjusted analysis, urban slum dwellers aged 45-54 years (AOR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.17-2.28), 55-64 years (AOR: 2.47, 95% CI: 1.73-3.53) and ≥ 65 years (AOR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.47-3.72), from wealthier households (AOR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.18-3.20), sleeping < 7 h per day (AOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.39-2.51), who were overweight (AOR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.09-2.14) or obese (AOR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.71-3.20), and having self-reported diabetes (AOR: 3.08, 95% CI: 1.88-5.04) had an increased risk of hypertension. Moreover, 51.0% of the participants were taking anti-hypertensive medications and 26.4% of them had their hypertension in control.

Conclusions: The findings highlight a high burden of hypertension and poor management of it among the slum dwellers in Bangladesh requiring a novel approach to improve care. It is integral to effectively implement the available national non-communicable disease (NCD) control guidelines and redesign the current urban primary health care system to have better coordination.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9650885PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14456-3DOI Listing

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