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Ru(II)(--cymene) Conjugates Loaded onto Graphene Oxide: An Effective pH-Responsive Anticancer Drug Delivery System. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Graphene oxide-based nanodrug delivery systems show potential for targeted therapeutic drug delivery, as demonstrated by the successful covalent anchoring of Ru(II)(6--cymene) complexes with benzothiazole ligand on graphene oxide using ultrasonication.
  • Characterization techniques confirmed the successful loading of complexes onto graphene oxide, with average particle sizes of approximately 17 nm and 25 nm, and in vitro studies indicated effective DNA binding and cleavage activity at low concentrations.
  • The drug delivery system exhibited pH-responsive behavior, releasing 90% of the drug in an acidic environment within 48 hours, along with molecular docking and cytotoxicity assays indicating potential anti-cancer properties against three cell lines.

Article Abstract

Graphene oxide-based nanodrug delivery systems are considered one of the most promising platforms to deliver therapeutic drugs at the target site. In this study, Ru(II)(6--cymene) complexes containing the benzothiazole ligand were covalently anchored on graphene oxide using the ultrasonication method. The nanoconjugates GO-NCD- and GO-NCD- were characterized by FT-IR, UV-visible, NMR, TGA, SEM, and TEM techniques, which confirmed the successful loading of both the complexes (NCD and NCD ) on the carrier with average particle diameter sizes of 17 ± 6.9 nm and 25 ± 6.5 nm. In vitro DNA binding studies of the nanoconjugates were carried out by employing various biophysical methods to investigate the binding interaction with the therapeutic target biomolecule and to quantify the intrinsic binding constant values useful to understand their binding affinity. Our results suggest (i) high and values of the graphene-loaded conjugates (ii) effective cleavage of plasmid DNA at a lower concentration of 7.5 µM and 10 µM via an oxidative pathway, and (iii) fast release of NCD at an acidic pH that could have a good impact on the controlled delivery of drug. It was found that 90% of the drug was released in an acidic pH (5.8 pH) environment in 48 h, therefore suggesting pH-responsive behavior of the drug delivery system. Molecular docking, DFT studies, and cytotoxicity activity against three cancer cell lines by SRB assay were also performed.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9655566PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217592DOI Listing

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